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Edgar Quinet-class cruiser
The ''Edgar Quinet'' class was the last type of armored cruiser built for the French Navy. The two ships of this class— and —were built between 1905 and 1911. They were based on the previous cruiser, , the primary improvement being a more powerful uniform main battery of guns. The ''Edgar Quinet'' class was the most powerful type of armored cruiser built in France, but they entered service more than two years after the British battlecruiser , which, with its all-big-gun armament, had rendered armored cruisers obsolescent.
Both ships operated together in the Mediterranean Fleet after entering service, and they remained in the fleet throughout World War I. They participated in the blockade of the Adriatic to keep the Austro-Hungarian Navy contained early in the war. During this period, ''Edgar Quinet'' took part in the Battle of Antivari in August 1914, and ''Waldeck-Rousseau'' was unsuccessfully attacked twice by Austro-Hungarian U-boats. ''Waldeck-Rousseau'' participated in the Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War in the Black Sea in 1919–22, while ''Edgar Quinet'' remained in the Mediterranean during the contemporaneous Greco-Turkish War.
''Edgar Quinet'' was converted into a training ship in the mid-1920s before running aground off the Algerian coast in January 1930. She could not be pulled free and sank five days later. ''Waldeck-Rousseau'' served as the flagship of the Far East fleet from 1929 to 1932 and was decommissioned after returning to France. She was hulked in 1936 and scrapped in 1941–44.
== Development ==
In the 1890s, naval theorists of the ''Jeune École'' (Young School) in France, particularly Admiral Ernest François Fournier, advocated building a fleet of armored cruisers based on the first French ship of that type, . The ships were to be capable of long-range commerce raiding, action in the line of battle against older battleships, and reconnaissance for the main fleet.〔Ropp, p. 296〕 The French Navy subsequently built a series of twenty-four armored cruisers after ''Dupuy de Lôme'', culminating in the two ''Edgar-Quinet''-class ships. The design for these last two ships was based heavily on their predecessor, . And like ''Ernest Renan'', the design was repeatedly reworked during construction, which produced very lengthy construction times. The ''Edgar Quinet''s were the most powerful armored cruisers built by France, but they entered service two years after the British battlecruiser —the British ship's all-big-gun armament and turbine propulsion rendered all armored cruisers obsolescent.〔Gardiner, pp. 303–307〕〔Osborne, p. 82〕
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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